O antenna microwave e fa'aliliuina fa'ailo eletise i galu fa'aeletise (ma le isi itu) e fa'aaoga ai fausaga fa'ainisinia sa'o. O la latou gaioiga e faʻalagolago i mataupu faavae autu e tolu:
1. Suiga Galue Electromagnetic
Faiga Fa'asalalau:
Fa'ailoga RF mai se transmitter femalaga'i e ala ile antenna connector type (fa'ata'ita'iga, SMA, N-type) i le mea e fafaga ai. O elemene ta'ita'i a le antenna (pu/dipoles) e fa'asolo ai galu i fa'alava fa'atonu.
Mauaina Faiga:
O galu EM fa'afuase'i e fa'aoso ai galu i totonu o le antenna, toe fa'afo'i atu i fa'ailoga eletise mo le tagata e taliaina.
2. Fa'atonuga & Pulea Fa'avevela
Fa'atonu antenna e fa'atatauina le taula'i o ave. O se antenna maualuga-fa'atonu (fa'ata'ita'iga, pu) e fa'atumauina le malosi i lobes vaapiapi, fa'atonutonu e:
Fa'atonuga (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
A = vaega avanoa, λ = umi galu.
O oloa antenna microwave e pei o ipu parabolic e ausia> 30 dBi fa'atonuga mo feso'ota'iga satelite.
3. Vaega Autu ma a Latou Matafaioi
| Vaega | Galuega | Faataitaiga |
|---|---|---|
| Elemene susulu | Suia eletise-EM malosi | Patch, dipole, slot |
| Fesootaiga Fafaga | E taʻitaʻia galu e itiiti se gau | Ta'iala galu, laina microstrip |
| Vaega Passive | Fa'aleleia le amio sa'o | Fa'asologa o vaega, polarizer |
| Feso'ota'i | Fefa'ataua'iga ma laina fa'asalalau | 2.92mm (40GHz), 7/16 (Pwr Maualuluga) |
4. Fuafuaga Fa'apitoa
<6 GHz: O antenna fa'ata'oto e fa'atosina mo le lapopo'a.
> 18 GHz: E sili ona lelei pu mo ta'iala mo le fa'atinoina o galuega maualalo.
Fa'ailoga Mata'utia: Fa'afetauiga fa'aletonu i feso'ota'iga antenna e taofia ai mafaufauga (VSWR <1.5).
Talosaga i le Lalolagi Moni:
5G Massive MIMO: Microstrip arrays ma vaega passive mo le u'amea.
Faiga o Radar: O le fa'atonuga maualuga o le antenna e fa'amautinoa ai le sa'o o le tulituliloaina.
Satellite Comms: Parabolic reflectors ausia le 99% aperture lelei.
Fa'ai'uga: O antenna microwave e fa'alagolago ile resonance electromagnetic, tu'aiga fa'afeso'ota'i antenna sa'o, ma le fa'atonuina ole antenna e fa'asalalau/maua fa'ailoga. O oloa fa'akomupiuta antenna fa'apitoa e tu'ufa'atasia vaega pa'u e fa'aitiitia ai le gau ma fa'ateleina le lautele.
Mo nisi fa'amatalaga e uiga i antenna, fa'amolemole asiasi:
Taimi meli: Aukuso-15-2025
